02/04/2021
Our Focus - Unit 1
A dual economy (in the Lewisian sense)
80 percent of the population residing in rural areas - surviving on subsistence agriculture and traditional household manufacturing catering to local needs
``modern" sector – export oriented plantation crops (e.g. tea and coffee)
few port-based enclaves of large scale manufacturing (mostly cotton and jute goods) — Calcutta (Kolkata), Bombay (Mumbai), Madras (Chennai)
first half of 20th century – almost no growth in per-capita income except few islands of prosperity
social development – India at the bottom of the world league
‘Successful’ Poverty Reduction
Source: Datt, Ravallion and Murgai (2016)